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» Giureppe Verdi LA TRAVIATA
» G. VERDI: Il Trovatore
» I 3 TENORI di Venezia
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La traviata is an opera in three acts by Giuseppe Verdi set to an Italian libretto by Francesco Maria Piave. It takes as its basis the novel La dame aux Camélias by Alexandre Dumas, fils, published in 1848. It was first performed at the Teatro la Fenice in Venice, on March 6, 1853. The title "La traviata" means literally The Woman Who Strayed, or perhaps more figuratively, The Fallen One. The original audience appears to have been puzzled by the fact that the opera had a contemporary setting. However, the opera has become immensely popular and a staple of the standard operatic repertoire. It appears on Opera America’s list of the 20 most-performed operas in North America[1], where it appears as Number 3, the third most performed opera, behind only Madama Butterfly and La bohème. Roles: Violetta Valéry, a courtesan Flora Bervoix, Violetta’s friend Gastone, Alfredo’s friend Barone Douphol Marchese D’Obigny Alfredo Germont Giorgio Germont, his father Annina, Violetta’s maid Dottor Grenvil, Violetta’s Doctor Giuseppe, Violetta’s servant Orchestra Opera di Venezia Synopsis A summary of the plot of La traviata is detailed below. Place: Paris and vicinity. Time: about 1700. (Many modern producers of La traviata set the opera in the 19th century.) Act I The salon in Violetta’s house Violetta Valery, a famed courtesan, throws a lavish party at her Paris salon to celebrate her recovery from an illness. Gastone, a count, has brought with him his friend, the young nobleman Alfredo Germont, who has long adored Violetta from afar. While walking to the salon, Gastone tells Violetta that Alfredo loves her so much and, while she was ill, he came by her house every day. Alfredo joins them, admitting the truth of Gastone’s remarks. Violetta replies to Alfredo, "I’m indebted to you". The Baron waits not far from them to escort Violetta to the salon, but she walks to him saying, "You, Baron, never cared as much". The Baron replies, "I have just known you for a year". Violetta glares at Alfredo and says, "He just met me a minute ago!". At the salon, the Baron is asked to give a toast, but he refuses and the crowd turns to Alfredo (Alfredo, Violetta, chorus: Libiamo ne’ lieti calici – "Drinking song"). From the next room, the orchestra begins to play and the guests move there to dance. Violetta feels dizzy and asks the guests to go ahead and to leave her to rest for a while to recover. The Baron leaves her alone. The guests dance in the next room, while Violetta looks at her face in her mirror. She looks pale. Alfredo enters and he expresses his concern for her fragile health and later declares his love for her (Alfredo, Violetta: Un di, felice, eterea – "The day I met you"). At first Violetta rejects him because his love means nothing to her. However, there is something about Alfredo that touches her heart. Alfredo is about to leave when she gives him a flower, telling him to return it when it has wilted. She promises to meet him the next day. After the guests leave, Violetta wonders if Alfredo could actually be the one in her life (Violetta : Ah, fors’è lui – "Perhaps he is the one"). But she concludes that she needs freedom to live her life (Violetta : Sempre libera – "Ever free"). From off stage, Alfredo’s voice is heard demanding that she accept his love. Act II Scene 1 Violetta ‘s country house outside Paris Three months later, Alfredo and Violetta are living together in a peaceful country house outside Paris. Violetta has fallen in love with Alfredo and she has completely abandoned her former life. Alfredo sings of their happy life together (Alfredo: Di miei bollenti spiriti - "Wild my dream of ecstasy"). Annina, the maid arrives from Paris, and, when questioned by Alfredo, she says that she went there to sell the horses, carriages and everything owned by Violetta to support their country lifestyle. Alfredo is shocked to learn this and leaves for Paris immediately to settle matters himself. Violetta returns home and receives an invitation from her friend, Floria, inviting her to a party in Paris. Alfredo’s father, Germont is announced and demands that, for the sake of his family,she break off her relationship with his son. His father is impressed by Violetta’s nobility, which is not what he expected from a courtesan. According to Germont, Violetta’s relationship with Alfredo has threatened his daughter’s engagement (Germont: Pura siccome un angelo – "I have a daughter as pure as an angel") because of Violetta’s reputation as a courtesan . Saying that she cannot break off the relationship because she loves Alfredo so much, Germont pleads with her for the sake of his family. With growing remorse in her heart, she finally agrees (Violetta, Germont : Dite alla giovine – "Say to this child of thine"). She says goodbye to Germont saying that they may not see each other again. Germont kisses her on her forehead, feeling very grateful for her kindness and sacrifice, before leaving her weeping alone. Violetta gives a note to Annina to send to Floria as acceptance of the party invitation. While writing a farewell letter to Alfredo, he enters. She can barely control her sadness and tears; she tells him repeatedly of her unconditional love before rushing out and handing the farewell letter to her servant to give to Alfredo. The servant gives the farewell letter to Alfredo. As soon as he finishes reading it, Germont comes in and attempts to comfort his son, reminding him of his family in Provence (Germont : Di Provenza il mar - "In Provence"). Alfredo suspects the Baron is behind his separation with Violetta and the party invitation, which he finds on the desk, strengthens his suspicions. He determines to confront Violetta at the party. Germont tries to stop Alfredo, but he rushes out. Scene 2 Party at Floria’s house At the party, the Marquis tells Flora that Violetta and Alfredo have separated. She calls for the entertainers to perform for the guests (Chorus: Noi siamo zingarelli - "We’re gypsies gay and youthful"); (Chorus: Di Madride noi siam mattadori – "We are bullfighters from Madrid"). Gastone and his friends join the matadors and sing (Gastone, chorus, dancers: E Piquillo, un bel gagliardo - "Twas Piquillo, so young and so daring"). Violetta arrives with Baron Douphol. They see Alfredo at the gambling table, and upon seeing them, Alfredo creates a big scene about his winning. The Baron feels annoyed. He goes to the gambling table and challenges him. Alfredo wins some large sums of money from the Baron until Floria announces that the supper is ready. Alfredo leaves with handfuls of money. Everyone goes in to supper, but Violetta has asked Alfredo to see her. Fear that the Baron’s anger will lead him to challenge Alfredo to a duel, she gently asks Alfredo to leave. Alfredo misunderstands her apprehension and demands that she admit that she loves the Baron. In grief, she does so. Her confession makes Alfredo furious and he calls the guests to witness what he has to say. Alfredo humiliates and denounces Violetta in front of the guests, and then throws his winnings at her for her "services" while they lived together (Questa donna conoscete?). She falls, fainting onto the floor. The guests reprimand Alfredo: "Leave at once, we despise you. You have insulted a noble lady". In search of his son, Germont enters the hall. Knowing the real significance of the scene, he denounces his son’s behavior (Germont, Alfredo, Violetta, chorus: Di sprezzo degno, se stesso rendo - "Worthy of contempt is the man"). Flora and the ladies attempt to persuade Violetta to leave the dining room, but, before doing so, Violetta turns to Alfredo and sings, Alfredo, Alfredo, di questo core non puoi comprendere tutto l’amore - "Alfredo, Alfredo, little canst thou fathom the love within my heart for thee". Act III In Violetta’s bedroom Dr. Grenvil tells Annina that Violetta will not live long as her tuberculosis has worsened. Alone in her room, Violetta reads a letter sent by Alfredo’s father saying the Baron was only wounded in his duel with Alfredo. The letter also states that he has informed Alfredo of the sacrifice Violetta made for him and his sister; and that he is sending his son to see her as quickly as possible to ask for her forgiveness. But Violetta senses it is too late (Violetta: Addio del passato – "So closes my sad story"). Annina rushes in the room to tell Violetta of the arrival of Alfredo. The lovers are reunited. Alfredo suggests that they leave Paris (Alfredo, Violetta: Parigi, o cara , noi lasceremo – "Dearest, we’ll leave Paris" ). But it is too late; she knows her time is up (Alfredo, Violetta: Gran Dio! morir si giovane - "O, God! to die so young"). The old Germont enters (Ah, Violetta) with the doctor. He regrets what he has done. Shortly after Violetta dies in Alfredo’s arms.
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Il trovatore (The Troubadour) is an opera in four acts by Giuseppe Verdi to an Italian libretto by Leone Emanuele Bardare and Salvadore Cammarano, based on the play El Trovador by Antonio García Gutiérrez. It was first performed at the Teatro Apollo, Rome on 19 January 1853. During the 1854/55 season while in Paris, Verdi revised the opera for the Théatre des Italiens as Le trouvère and its many performances in January 1855 were well received. Act I: The Duel Scene 1: The guard room in the castle of Luna (The Palace of Aljaferia, Zaragoza, Spain) Ferrando, the captain of the guards, orders his men to keep watch while Count di Luna wanders restlessly beneath the windows of Leonora, lady-in-waiting to the Princess. Di Luna loves Leonora, and is jealous of his successful rival, the troubadour Manrico. In order to keep the guards awake, Ferrando narrates the history of the count to the guard. (Aria: Di due figli vivea padre beato / "The good Count di Luna lived happily, the father of two sons"). It appears that a gypsy had once bewitched the little brother of the count, making the child weak and ill, and for this had been burnt alive as a witch. Dying, she had commanded her daughter Azucena to avenge her, which she did by carrying off the younger brother. Although the burnt bones of a child were found in the ashes of the pyre, the father refused to believe in his son’s death; dying, he commanded Count di Luna to seek Azucena. Scene 2: Garden in the palace of the princess Leonora confesses her love for Manrico to her confidante, Ines. (Tacea la notte placida / "The peaceful night lay silent"... Di tale amor / "A love that words can scarcely describe"). When they have gone, Count di Luna hears the voice of his rival, Manrico, in the distance: Deserto sulla terra / "Alone upon this earth"). While Leonora in the darkness mistakes the count for her lover, Manrico himself enters the garden, and she rushes to his arms. The count recognises Manrico as his enemy, who has been condemned to death, and compels him to fight. Leonora tries to intervene, but cannot stop them from fighting (Trio: Di geloso amor sprezzato / "The fire of jealous love" ). Act 2: The Gypsy Woman Scene 1: The gypsies’ camp While Manrico sits at the bedside of his mother, Azucena, the gypsies sing the Anvil Chorus: Vedi le fosche notturne / "See! The endless sky casts off her sombre nightly garb.."). She is the daughter of the Gypsy burnt by the count and, although old, still nurses her vengeance. (Aria: Stride la vampa / "The flames are roaring!"). The Gypsies break camp while Azucena confesses to Manrico that after stealing him she had intended to burn the count’s little son, but had thrown her own child into the flames instead (Aria: Condotta ell’era in ceppi / "They dragged her in bonds"). Manrico realises that he is not the son of Azucena, but loves her as if she were indeed his mother, as she has always been faithful and loving to him. Manrico tells Azucena that he defeated Di Luna in their duel, but was held back from killing him by a mysterious power (Duet: Mal reggendo / "He was helpless under my savage attack"). A messenger arrives and reports that Leonora, who believes Manrico dead, is about to enter a convent and take the veil that night. Although Azucena tries to prevent him from leaving in his weak state (Ferma! Son io che parlo a te! / "I must talk to you"), Manrico rushes away to prevent her from carrying out this purpose. Scene 2: In front of the convent Di Luna and his attendants intend to abduct Leonora and the Count sings of his love for her (Aria: Il balen del suo sorriso / "The light of her smile" ... Per me ora fatale / "Fatal hour of my life"). Leonora and the nuns appear in procession, but Manrico prevents Di Luna from carrying out his plans and instead, takes Leonora away with him. Act 3: The Son of the Gypsy Woman Scene 1: Di Luna’s camp (Chorus: Or co’ dadi ma fra poco / "Now we play at dice") Di Luna’s soldiers bring in the captured Azucena. She is recognised by Ferrando, and Di Luna sentences her to be burnt. Scene 2: A chamber in the castle Leonora and Manrico live only for each other. (Aria, Manrico: Ah si, ben mio coll’essere / "Ah, yes, my love, in being yours"). As they are about to take their marriage vows, Ruiz, Manrico’s comrade, reports that Azucena is to be burned at the stake. Manrico rushes to her aid (Stretta: Di quella pira l’orrendo foco / "The horrid flames of that pyre"). Leonora faints. Act 4: The Punishment Scene 1: Before the dungeon keep Leonora attempts to free Manrico, who has been captured by Di Luna (Aria: D’amor sull’ali rosee / "On the rosy wings of love"; Chorus & Duet: Miserere / "Lord, thy mercy on this soul"). Leonora begs Di Luna for mercy and offers herself in place of her lover. She promises to give herself to the count, but secretly swallows poison from her ring in order to die before Di Luna can possess her (Duet: Mira, d’acerbe lagrime / "See the bitter tears I shed"). Scene 2: In the dungeon Manrico and Azucena are awaiting their execution. Manrico attempts to soothe Azucena, whose mind wanders to happier days in the mountains (Duet: Ai nostri monti ritorneremo / "Again to our mountains we shall return"). At last the gypsy slumbers. Leonora comes to Manrico and tells him that he is saved, begging him to escape. When he discovers she cannot accompany him, he refuses to leave his prison. He believes Leonora has betrayed him until he realizes that she has taken poison to remain true to him. As she dies in agony in Manrico’s arms she confesses that she prefers to die with him than to marry another. (Quartet: Prima che d’altri vivere / "Rather than live as another’s") The count enters to find Leonora dead in his rival’s arms and orders Manrico to be led to execution. Azucena arises and when Di Luna shows her the dead Manrico, she cries in triumph: Egli era tuo fratello! / "He was your brother..You are avenged, oh mother!" At the same time as Azucena, the count screams in despair E vivo ancor! / "And I must live on!".
G. VERDI
Il Trovatore
libretto di Salvadore Cammarano eLeone Emanuele Bardare
Ottobre/October
03 sab./sat.
Novembre/Novembre
14 sab./sat.
BIGLIETTI / TICKETS
Scuola Grande dei Carmini: Every day 10.00 – 18.00 - Opera day: 10.00 - 20.30
Chiesa S. Giacometto: Every day 10.00 – 18.00
Scuola Grande S. Giovanni Evangelista every day: 10.00 - 17.00
OPERA HOUSE: TEL:+ +39 041 099 43 71
ENSEMBLE ANTONIO VIVALDI: TEL: +39 041 42 66 559
Fax: +39 041 562 50 55
www.operahouse.it - info@operahouse.it
Ingresso/Admission: 35,00 Riduzione/Reduction: 30,00
inizio concerto/opera h. 20.30 opera/concert start
La Scuola è perfettamente riscaldata - Perfectly heated
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i tre tenori di Venezia
“Nell’estate del 1996 mi fu commissionato a Venezia un concerto per tre tenori e pianoforte. L’idea nasceva, ovviamente e dichiaratamente, sull’onda del successo (le cui dimensioni erano inizialmente impensabili per loro medesimi) dell’eccezionale iniziativa dei three tenors per antonomasia, ovvero i grandi interpreti Carreras, Domingo e Pavarotti. Presi la cosa come un’estrosa e simpatica iniziativa destinata a durare l’espace d’un matin. Con nostra sorpresa, la proposta ebbe un tale successo che non potemmo più fermarci.”
Il cursus studiorum di ciascuno (Diploma di Conservatorio e successivi masters di perfezionamento), i corposi e qualificati curricula personali (svolgono parallelamente attività solistica individuale) e le variegate caratteristiche vocali consentono versatilità, ampiezza di repertorio e particolari accostamenti timbrici.
Oggi I tre tenori di Venezia contano un centinaio di esibizioni in Italia ed all’estero, tanto con orchestra quanto con pianoforte, con peculiare presenza nelle più eleganti sale di Venezia, Roma, Firenze, del lago di Como e della Costa Azzurra.
Settembre/September
19 sab./sat.
Ottobre/October
10 sab./sat.
31 sab./sat.
Novembre/November
21 sab./sat.
Dicembre/December
05 sab./sat.
BIGLIETTI / TICKETS
Scuola Grande dei Carmini: Every day 10.00 – 18.00 - Opera day: 10.00 - 20.30
Chiesa S. Giacometto: Every day 10.00 – 18.00
Scuola Grande S. Giovanni Evangelista every day: 10.00 - 17.00
OPERA HOUSE: TEL:+ +39 041 099 43 71
ENSEMBLE ANTONIO VIVALDI: TEL: +39 041 42 66 559
Fax: +39 041 562 50 55
www.operahouse.it - info@operahouse.it
Ingresso/Admission: 35,00 Riduzione/Reduction: 30,00
inizio concerto/opera h. 20.30 opera/concert start
La Scuola è perfettamente riscaldata - Perfectly heated
